Endocrinology, coding reference.

99214 is the workhorse of primary care and most outpatient subspecialties. Use it when at least one of these is true: two or more chronic problems with progression, treatment changes, or side effects; one undiagnosed new problem with uncertain prognosis; one acute illness with systemic symptoms; or prescription drug management at any complexity. Prescription drug management on its own satisfies the moderate-risk element, which is why straightforward chronic disease follow-ups with a med adjustment routinely clear the 99214 bar. Time-based alternative is 30 to 39 minutes of total time on the date of the encounter. Pick the method that supports the strongest note: encounters with prescription changes are usually cleaner under MDM; encounters with extensive counseling or care coordination are usually cleaner under time.

Select this level when at least two of the three MDM elements meet high complexity, or when qualifying total time reaches 40 minutes. A diagnosis, medication, or high-risk decision alone does not establish the overall level. For Medicare prolonged services with this time-selected base code, the first G2212 unit requires 69 minutes. Payers recognizing CPT 99417 use different thresholds.

Consider the ongoing responsibility for the patient's care: either a continuing focal point for needed services or ongoing care of a serious or complex condition. It is not automatic for a diagnosis or specialty.

One-time CGM setup and training when patient owns the device. Once per device, not once per visit.

Practice-supplied CGM (you own the device and loan it for a sample period). Once per 30 days.

CGM data review and interpretation. Once per 30 days regardless of who supplied the device.

Select this code only when the documented examination or procedure matches the anatomy, modality, extent and components described. Clinical imaging selection and contrast safety require current specialty guidance and patient-specific assessment.

Percutaneous needle biopsy of the thyroid.

Use G0270 when a Medicare beneficiary needs MNT beyond the annual benefit window because their clinical condition, diagnosis, or treatment plan has changed. Common scenarios: a T2DM patient with new diagnosis of CKD requiring renal-specific MNT, a CKD patient initiating dialysis, a newly diagnosed diabetic after the routine MNT annual hours have been used, a post-bariatric-surgery patient with new nutritional needs. The Medicare annual MNT benefit covers 3 hours of MNT in the first year and 2 hours annually thereafter (97802 and 97803). Once those hours are used, G0270 covers additional MNT triggered by clinical change.

Use G0447 for Medicare-covered intensive behavioral therapy for obesity in a primary-care setting. Eligibility requires BMI 30 or greater documented on or near the date of service. The CMS-defined cadence is weekly for the first month, biweekly for months 2 to 6, then monthly for months 7 to 12 if the patient has lost at least 6.6 pounds during the first 6 months ("6.6-pound rule"). Total session cap: 22 sessions per 12-month period. The 5-A framework (Assess, Advise, Agree, Assist, Arrange) provides the documentation backbone. The 12-month period restarts when the patient achieves a 5-percent weight loss from baseline.